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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*jaj- **AD face="Times New Roman Star"1 to sing 2 to make noise 3 noise face="Times New Roman Star"1 веселиться 2 шум face="Times New Roman Star"jo|jla- 'наслаждаться, веселиться' face="Times New Roman Star"jajna- 'веселиться, резвиться' face="Times New Roman Star"Федотов 2 129 **AD. Лучше выкинуть. Наслаждаться - обычная производность от проводить лето (на яйлау - там прохладно и мух мало, часто развивает эту сем-ку), шум - см. 600. face="Times New Roman Star"*bAn/yl face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"overripe face="Times New Roman Star"перезрелый face="Times New Roman Star"majyl, majyl- 'to become overripe' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 772. Cf. also Oyr. mync?yk 'musty'. face="Times New Roman Star"*j[y]l-ync?ga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tasteless food face="Times New Roman Star"пресная пища face="Times New Roman Star"jylync?g|a (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 931. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"l/-er- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to be full to overflowing face="Times New Roman Star"быть переполненным, переливаться через край face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?er- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 754. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ke.bi-l/c?- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a gift of food to someone who comes to stack the crop after the fields are clear 2 harvest tax in favour of the poor or the clergy 3 debt face="Times New Roman Star"1 пищевой подарок тому, кто приходит складывать хлеб в скирды после того, как поля убраны 2 отчисление с урожая в пользу бедных или духовенства 3 долг face="Times New Roman Star"kevs?en| (MK ; spelled kfsn|) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kapsan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ka"psa"n 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kivz/en 3 face="Times New Roman Star"kepsen, kesmen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kewsen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Мудрак Дисс. . 89, EDT 585, 691, Федотов 1, 290-291. Turk. > Pers. kafsan 'harvest tax for the clergy and administration'; most modern forms may in fact have been borrowed back < Pers., but the Chuv. form can hardly be separated from the one attested in MK . The theory of its being borrowed from Mong. ko"lu"su"n (see Ro/na-Tas 1988 ) can be hardly justified. However, Hung. ko"lczo"n, indeed, has most probably a Mong. source and is not related to the words above. face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:s face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 loss, damage 2 shame face="Times New Roman Star"1 потеря, вред 2 стыд face="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"*s/os ( > Mari so"s "Geda"chtnisfeier", Hung. gya/sz, see Gombocz 1912 ) face="Times New Roman Star"sa:t 2, sa:s-ta:x (folkl.) 'enemy' face="Times New Roman Star"ha:tynnar- 'to shame smb.' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 150, EDT 973 (in modern languages hard to distinguish from the borrowed Arab. ya's 'despair, grief' - but in Old Turkic no doubt genuine), Stachowski 100. face="Times New Roman Star"*saka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"foot of the mountain face="Times New Roman Star"подножье горы face="Times New Roman Star"saqa (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sag|a face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 396, EDT 805, ЭСТЯ 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*suk- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to stick in, insert 2 hollow wood, whistle face="Times New Roman Star"1 втыкать, вставлять 2 полая древесина, свисток face="Times New Roman Star"suq- (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1, suqym 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"suq- (Qutb , Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"soq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sux- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"uk- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"suq- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sug|- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sug|- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 432, EDT 805, 811. face="Times New Roman Star"*bEdir/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"painted ornamentation face="Times New Roman Star"рисованное украшение face="Times New Roman Star"bediz (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"bed|iz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 310, VEWT 67. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"rke face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wooden dish, bowl face="Times New Roman Star"деревянное блюдо, чаша face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rge (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rge (Abush. ), ko"rege (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rgu" 'ein grosses Birkenrindengefa"ss' face="Times New Roman Star"korga 'scoop' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rege face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 742, VEWT 311, Федотов 1, 372. face="Times New Roman Star"*jut face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 bad weather, bad harvest 2 hunger, trouble face="Times New Roman Star"1 дурная погода, неурожай 2 голод, беда face="Times New Roman Star"jut (Orkh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jut (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jut (Pav. C. , AH , Бор. Бад. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jut 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ut, z?|u"t 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"t 'lean, meagre' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ut 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ut 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jut, d/ut 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sut 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ut 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ut 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ut 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jut 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jot 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?u>t 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jut 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 883, VEWT 211-212, ЭСТЯ 4, 256-257. Turk. > Mong. *z?|ud, *z?|uta- (KW 481, TMN 4, 210, Щербак 1997 , 125). face="Times New Roman Star"*bas-yg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a k. of tax 2 a coin face="Times New Roman Star"1 вид подати, налога 2 монета face="Times New Roman Star"basyg| (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bas, pas, ba:s 'price', pas-ly 'valued, expensive' (Sib., КСТТ 108, 177) face="Times New Roman Star"pus 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 373, Ашм. X, 4-5, Федотов 1, 449-450. The OT form is usually regarded as derived from *bas- 'to press' (v. sub *pa>\si ), but external evidence suggests that this is one of the numerous inner Turkic folk-etymological reinterpretations. Chuv. pus "copec" needs some additional comments. According to Егоров 166 it can either be derived from pus- 'break' < Turk. *bas- (according to Zolotnitski), or be borrowed from Pers. po:st "skin" > Tur. post, Uzb. pust 'id.' (Turkic forms see in VEWT 386). The latter hypothesis is rather improbable because the form means 'coin' only in Chuv., and because this borrowing is absent in other languages of the Volga region. VEWT 387 suggests Chuv. pus < Mari pus? 'debt, tax' < pu- 'give'. The word is absent from the Mari dictionary, one only finds пуышаш 'arrears'; cf., on the other hand, Udm. pus 'sign, subscription' < Chuv. puz@ id. < pus- 'to press'. This etymology is, therefore, equally dubious, and our equation of Chuv. pus = OT basyg| seems preferable. face="Times New Roman Star"*sys face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of grass face="Times New Roman Star"мордовник face="Times New Roman Star"sys qomurg|aj, qomuraj (qomurg|aj 'pipe') face="Times New Roman Star"Attested only in Oyrot, with possible external parallels. face="Times New Roman Star"*syjpa- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to knead, caress face="Times New Roman Star"растирать, гладить, ласкать face="Times New Roman Star"syjpa-, sypyr- face="Times New Roman Star"sipa- (R.) face="Times New Roman Star"sijpa- face="Times New Roman Star"sipa- face="Times New Roman Star"sy:pa- (syjpa-) face="Times New Roman Star"syjba- face="Times New Roman Star"si:ba-, syba- face="Times New Roman Star"syjma- face="Times New Roman Star"sujba- face="Times New Roman Star"syjpa- face="Times New Roman Star"syjpa- face="Times New Roman Star"syjpa- face="Times New Roman Star"hyjpa-, hypyr- face="Times New Roman Star"syjpa- face="Times New Roman Star"sypa- face="Times New Roman Star"syjpa- face="Times New Roman Star"syjpa- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 415, ЭСТЯ 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*je.lbi face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sorcery, witchcraft face="Times New Roman Star"волшебство, колдовство face="Times New Roman Star"jelbi (Orkh.), jelvi (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jelvi (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?@lb@gen 'monster' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilbi face="Times New Roman Star"jilbi, d/ilbi 'sorcery', ja"lba"ga"n 'monster' face="Times New Roman Star"ilbi 'demoniac, possessed' (borrowed from a j-language?) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ilbi face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919-920, ЭСТЯ 4, 202-203, VEWT 196 ( > Mong. z?|ilbi). face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 opposite 2 be opposite, meet 3 bandit face="Times New Roman Star"1 противоположный 2 встречаться 3 разбойник face="Times New Roman Star"qars?y (OUygh.) 1; qaraqc?y (OUygh.) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qars?u (MK , KB ), qars?y (KB ) 1, qaraqc?y (KB ) 3, qaraqla- (MK ) 'to rob' face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq (Pav. C. , Abush. ) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qe|re|qc?i 3 face="Times New Roman Star"Gars?y- 2; Garaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"xir@s/- 2; xorax 3 face="Times New Roman Star"xar, xa:r 1 (Пек. ); xar-da 'retaliation'; xarys- 'to fight (with each other)' face="Times New Roman Star"kar-da 'retaliation', karys- 'to fight' face="Times New Roman Star"qaraqc?y 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qaraqs?y 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235, ЭСТЯ 5, 294-295, 326-327, Ашм. XVI, 219-220, Федотов 2, 365-366, Stachowski 139, 140. Chuv. xir@s/- may actually reflect a different root (see *geru"l/-), or a contamination. Turk. qars?y > Mong. qarsi (Clark 1980 , 41). Cf. also *Karma 'robbery'. face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)an/yg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sin, evil face="Times New Roman Star"грех, зло face="Times New Roman Star"an/yg| (Orkh., OUygh.), ajyg| (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ajyg| (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"aj face="Times New Roman Star"an/y: face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 20, EDT 182, ЭСТЯ 1, 113, Stachowski 34. face="Times New Roman Star"*sy:r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 arrow, tip of an arrow 2 sabre 3 fight face="Times New Roman Star"1 стрела, наконечник стрелы 2 сабля 3 битва face="Times New Roman Star"sy:rma 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ъrъm 3 face="Times New Roman Star"yrba 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 418 (Khak.) face="Times New Roman Star"*som face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 number; honour 2 shape, silhouette face="Times New Roman Star"1 число, счет; почет 2 форма, вид face="Times New Roman Star"som 2 face="Times New Roman Star"som 2 face="Times New Roman Star"soma 2 face="Times New Roman Star"som 1 face="Times New Roman Star"omoon 2 face="Times New Roman Star"soma 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 427, Федотов 2, 61-62, ЭСТЯ 7. The relationship to *so:m 'whole (piece)' (see ibid.) is not quite clear. face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)e:p- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 be on one's way 2 send face="Times New Roman Star"1 быть в пути 2 посылать face="Times New Roman Star"z?ibe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ibe|r-, jubo|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ebe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"i:ber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jabal- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"i:p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|iber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?iber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jiber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jebe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jeber- face="Times New Roman Star"z?iber- face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 322-324, Мудрак Дисс. 198. The explanation < *y:d-bar- 'lead and take' is clearly unsatisfactory.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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